An arthrogram (or direct arthrogram) is a type of imaging test to help diagnose joint conditions and unexplained pain. A “real-time” test, the arthrogram uses the injection of a contrast dye into the joint combined with imaging guidance using fluoroscopy (x-ray), CT or MRI. It is used to evaluate changes in the structure and function of a joint, and can help to determine the type for treatment required or if the joint needs replacement.